HIV is one of the most serious public health challenges, over 37 million of people all around the world were contaminated in 2020.
 
So what is HIV ?
HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus which attacks the blood cells and makes a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, most commonly during unprotected sex (sex without a condom). It can’t really be cured, but if a person just gets the HIV, she can take medicines to slow down the virus.
 
Most of the time, people think that they can’t get the HIV, it’s not their problem but the thing is, it’s the problem of everyone. If two people have unprotected sex together for the first time without knowing the sexual past of each other, it can be dangerous. I mean everyone should be aware of this topic and protect themselves. We hear to many people say that if their partner doesn’t have the HIV, they don’t need to test themselves BUT that’s not the good way to think.
Indeed, at the beginning there is no symptoms, so take your partner with you and go to test yourselves together in a hospital, or a family center, most of the time it’s anonymous and for free.
Furthermore, if you feel that something is going wrong in your genital parts don’t be ashamed of going to a doctor who could help you to know what you have. If you have a sexually transmitted disease don’t forget to tell your partner. Moreover, don’t blame yourself and your partner neither because you have this illness. Your partner would feel guilty while it’s not his/her fault neither yours.
 
Don’t forget to protect yourself!

Célia is a French volunteer involved in the World AIDS day campaign

We know how hard it can be to find out you have diabetes

You probably feel overwhelmed and confused. You wonder, "What now?"
The good news is that you have a community to fall back on. You don't have to face the situation alone. You have the support of countless others who have experienced the same shock. Your diagnosis is only the first step. There are ways you can manage your diabetes - through diet, exercise, medical support and emotional help. Get active.

If you have type 1 diabetes, it means that your pancreas does not produce insulin. You need to monitor your blood sugar and inject yourself with insulin several times a day using a pen, syringe or pump. Finding ways to control your blood glucose levels, insulin intake, diet and physical activity, and working with your diabetes team, can help you feel healthier and better manage your condition.

Getting started with type 2, to use glucose for energy, your body needs insulin. However, with type 2 diabetes, your body doesn't make enough insulin or use it properly, so the body's cells can't use glucose for energy. If the glucose stays in your blood, it can cause serious problems.

While there is no cure for both types of diabetes, there are ways to manage the condition - through a balanced diet, an active lifestyle and (in some cases) medication.
Take your medication this can be another key to managing your diabetes. 

​Religion supposes that everyone is tolerant to each other but why are there many religious conflicts then?
The first war of religion started in 1562, in France, because one man, Louis de Condé wanted the kingdom to be protestant rather than catholic. However, the catholic didn’t agree and decided to start a war against the protestant. Since this date, a thousand of religious war happened and have killed millions of people.
For example, the Syrian conflict started has a movement for democracy in 2011, but Bashar al Assad didn’t accept his people to be free. After a while, Daesh, the Islamic state, came into the conflict and fought against everyone who were not following the same religion as them, what they call “original Islam”. According to them, every other religion is devil: They want to the entire world become like them, but they can’t change everyone’s opinion. They just kill people for being themselves and having their own believes and reject what makes the beauty of our world, our differences! That means that they are anything but tolerant.
Indeed, the respect of each other religion is one of the characteristics which makes someone tolerant. But to be entirely tolerant you have to:

• Accept everyone’s differences
• Respect the other’s opinion
• Be open minded and empathic

To sum up, tolerance makes our world more peaceful.

First of all, from 2003 United Nations people is celebrating the International Day to fight
against the sexual violence. There are a lot of women that suffer in all the world and for this
reason they are asking for a better life fighting for peace, moreover, women has suffered so
much and they receive so much beatings, also depends on the country where these women are living.
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People want to fight for equality and from Praxis Organization we are involved with this
question. In addition, this is a situation that happens despite of the covid because there are
more injustices situations in all the world, so is very important to try to achieve this equality in all the ways.

This situation happens for example in Greece but also in the majority of countries that works
with United Nations, so is very important to know about the context that exists in the middle
of everything in order to understand what is happening in the world.

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​As the COP26 came to an end last Friday, my hopes of a green future are not lost but are most certainly less than what they were a month ago. In what's meant to be the most important climate summit of the year what I personally saw was a magnificent amount of hypocrisy and repetition of the same promises made almost 6 years ago in Paris and the hard truth is that they are still not enough.
            The new pledges made at the COP26 lead us to a reduced number of greenhouse gas emissions from 52,4 gigatonnes to 41,9. Sounds good right? Well we must reach 26,6 by 2030 which is now dangerously close as we're only 8 years away from that terrifying deadline.  A deadline which applies for multiple different criteria. Is this going to be enough for OUR leaders to take responsibility for yesterday's actions or are we going to continue this stigma that this climate chaos is a next generation's issue?
            There's two obvious paths towards fighting this battle: as individuals we must do our best to be eco-friendly but will that ever be enough? No. Without a determined group of world leaders who are aware of the eminent danger the past generations have placed us in. After most world leaders and delegates flew to Glasgow in over 100 private jets. The effects of this were dreadful, showcasing to an extreme how hypocritical this summit was. But in the middle of this almost corrupted present we live in, there was an inspiring speech by the Barbados Prime Minister, Mia Mottley. Shining a light on how neglected the developing communities of the Caribbean, Africa, South Asia, and South America are by those who make the decisive calls (USA, Europe, China, etc.) and how they are the ones who are first-handily experiencing this chaos, finishing her speech with a powerful sentence "The leaders of today, not 2030, not 2050, must make this choice (to fight climate change)".
            That's how politicians must face this issue. As a today issue, as our issue because it's not going to affect our grandkids, it's affecting us now. And we shouldn't treat it as if it's the planet that's at danger as the planet will simply regenerate again, we won't. We'll go extinct. Forever.

Nowadays, journalists are being killed and imprisoned for reporting the news and bringing information to the public. According to the Unesco, between 2006 and 2020, over 1200 journalists have been killed for doing their work. But that's not all, because in nine out of ten cases the killers go unpunished. As a consequence, impunity leads to more killings and is often a symptom of worsening conflict and the breakdown of law and judicial systems. For this reason, The United Nations General Assembly declared November 2 as the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists.
 
The free and independent press protects the rights of citizens and ensures our communities are well informed. However, in too many countries, journalists face the threat of violence or imprisonment for their reporting. So, this problem not only affects journalists, but also the rights of the citizens. Ending impunity for crimes against journalists is one of the most pressing issues to guarantee freedom of expression and access to information for all citizens. At the moment, according to Reporters Without Borders, so far this year, 35 journalists and 4 media assistants were killed around the world. And that is not all, because 321 journalists, 83 citizens journalists and 13 media assistants are imprisoned at this time. 
 
At the moment, the European Union is still considered one of the safest places for journalists, but the number of threats and attacks against them have been on the rise in the past years with the most tragic cases being assassinations of journalists. Digital and online safety has become a major concern for journalists due to online incitement to hatred, threats of physical violence. In fact, women journalists are particularly impacted by threats and attacks because according to Unesco´s recent discussion paper, 73% of the women journalists surveyed said they had been threatened, intimidated and insulted online in connection with their work. 
 
In 2021 campaign highlights the psychological trauma experienced by journalists, who are victims of threats, and raises awareness of the importance to investigate and prosecute these threats in order to end the impunity for those who attack media professionals. And also, this year has coincided that the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded by journalists who were praised by the Nobel committee for their efforts to safeguard the freedom of expression, “which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace”.
 
In these times still there are threats of violence and attacks against journalists which are not properly investigated. This impunity emboldens the perpetrators of the crimes and at the same time has a chilling effect on society, including journalists themselves. So, this is the day to be concerned, that impunity damages whole societies by covering up serious human rights abuses, corruption, and crime.

​Nowadays, society lives connected on the internet and many people depend on their phone. In fact, everyone uses Social Media not only when they have spare time, but also in school or at work. Focus on teenagers, they use it in their daily life to learn topics through web sites or social networks. Eurostat, the statistical agency in the European Union, published in 2019 that 94% of European young people use the internet on a daily basis, compared with 77% of the entire European population.
 
The Internet is a tool that works immediately, however it also has problems, being the disinformation one of them. Unesco recognises teenagers are the most vulnerables to disinformation because of the increased use of internet and mobile devices at very early ages. For this reason, Global Media and Information Literacy Week 2021 is a major occasion to fight fake news, which are a problem in society and many people do not know how to identify them. 
 
Every year Unesco encourages partners all over the world to promote Global Media and Information Literacy Week by organizing and registering events or activities. This year marks 10 years since the seeds of Global Media and Information Literacy Week were planted in 2011 in Morocco. In 2021 the UN General Assembly decided to commemorate the week citing the need for the dissemination of factual, timely, targeted, clear, accessible, multilingual and science-based information.
 
Education is the key to solve the disinformation problem in society. Everyone, focused on young people, needs to be equipped with media and information literacy competencies to understand the stakes, and to contribute to and benefit from information and communication opportunities. For this reason, media and information literacy is so important for people to interact with the media and information, because the quality of information everyone engages with largely determines perceptions, beliefs and attitudes.  
 
Media and information literacy is an essential tool for people's development in the digital world where many times there is disinformation. As a consequence, the public needs certain knowledge to deal with fake news, such as, look who is the author of the news, check if it is published in a reliable media or check with other sources of information. Also everyone has the responsibility to not share unreliable messages to not damage democracy. 
 
Internet and social media should be an opportunity to learn and both of them could also be a tool to media and information literacy for young people through educatication resources or workshops. However, for this to happen, teenagers have to receive basic training and a critical sense to cope with the digital world

In the long run is very important to protect the freedom that journalist have. A big quantity of them are victims from kidnapping, torture and some physical attack. There are a lot of Plan of Action on Safety of Journalist and the Impunity supported by UNESCO.

Is a necessity from the States Member to prevent violence again  journalist and media workers. How to stop impunity for crimes against journalism is key to understand everything.
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Also, the majority number of attacks occurred in the Latin America. Most journalist were killed in countries where is no armed conflict according with UNESCO. Some of these countries are Paraguay, Haiti and Venezuela, where a lot of people were arrested. Despite of this, another part of the world that suffer the crimes to journalist is Arabian Saudi.
The most important thing is that people in the world work together in order to overcome this difficult situation. Finally, the resolution was adopted at the first time in 2013 in one maneuverer of impunity.